As the big bang theory says, there was a big bang and then everything in the universe came into being after the big bang. We are all familiar with most big bang contexts. What is there now in the universe that we have not fully understood? Is it possible that we have misunderstood some of the properties of the universe? It’s possible.
The space-time continuum is one of the most important ideas that helped us understand the universe much more than our ancestors. We are still not fully understanding of our universe. The observable universe is believed to be only a small fraction of the real universe. Even within that observable universe, we haven’t observed everything.
The deepest telescopes have been sent into space, but in the context of all space, our telescopes haven’t left home yet. They are all within the solar system, mostly close to earth. With this in mind, our reach to the universe is very narrow. We can only hope to understand more and more in the coming decades, if not centuries.
Space and time were considered two different entities at one point in time. It is now considered an entangled continuum instead of two different discrete entities. I doubt that. I think there’s space, time, and then something else that ties into these two. If space and time were intertwined as they say in science, then we cannot have space without time and time without space. In fact we have both scenarios.
When the universe began from the big bang, we say that time began to exist. It is at the same time that space began to exist. Everyone can go up to the first nanosecond of the birth of the universe since the big bang, but no further. There is something with infinitely greater mass that has almost no space. We can only say that there is almost no space because if we ignore space, then we cannot find everything we have so far. Then there was space, and that time, time began to exist.
Let’s say as a hypothesis, if the expansion stopped for a while and then continued, then space would have stayed the same but time would not. Time would keep expanding or growing or passing. So if space and time were intertwined, this wouldn’t happen. If time can expand and space would stop expanding, then time would come out of space, where it was not space but something else. I would like to call this as empty. A void, as I postulate, is a place where space is non-existence. Time can be present in a vacuum but not space. If space is not present, then there can be no mass, energy, or anything else that is composed of space, mass, or energy. Fields such as electromagnetic, gravitational, weak or strong cannot exist in a vacuum, but time does.
Now consider the expansion of the universe. Where does it expand? It expands in a vacuum. How big is the void, well, there is no dimension to the void. Vacuum cannot be measured in three-dimensional measurements. It is beyond those dimensions. A three-dimensional parameter could exist within the vacuum, but the vacuum is not three-dimensional.
If we take this theory and accept that a vacuum is possible, then there is an opportunity to start the Big Bang with a duration where time was actually zero. The problem is that time doesn’t have to be connected to the Big Bang. Time could have already existed in a vacuum. What we experience as time is the moment when the Big Bang began to occur. Since the Big Bang also created time, this is a different time than the existing empty time. That means there could be two different variations of time; a time bound to the universe and a time not bound to the universe.
If a vacuum is possible, then there can be any number of universes. If two universes formed at the same empty time, it is possible that two parallel universes exist with interacting or overlapping time durations. These two universes would have their own and different times and, at the same time, would share a common empty time. It’s like two different cities in the same state that have different local laws but also have a common state law.
Then there were the fields. There were electromagnetic fields, strong and weak forces, and gravitational fields. These were formed after time and space. It is the fields that began to form the basic elements of energy first, because it is the energy that condensed into mass later. The gravitational field would only have existed after the first mass had formed. On the other hand, there could be no mass at all, but only gravity.
As space expanded, it would have to have expanded in packets like photons to gain energy. There must be a minimum discrete size of space that can be expanded. Space can’t just expand into itself, it has to expand into the void. Empty, you will also have a minimum space unit equivalent in which the space could expand. For example, if it were one cubic nanometer, then space can only expand to one cubic nanometer or more at a time. Space then cannot expand to half a cubic nanometer; that would be less than the minimum size of a spatial unit. Since it is space, there has to be a three-dimensional measure to the smallest unit of space. Space cannot be a continuum. It has to be discreet. It’s the same way, time has to be discreet. cannot be a continuum
What can be a continuum is really a question. Noticing can be a continuum. There has to be a basic component to everything in this universe. The vacuum may not have to be a continuum because it is unaffected by space and is not a three-dimensional parameter. It is above the three spatial dimensions and time. Everything that is three-dimensional and exists within it must be discrete. Energy, mass, space, time, radiation, and all kinds of fields must be discrete. They cannot be continuous.
Now, during the expansion of space into the vacuum, pockets of vacuum could have been left inside the space. If you think of space as a sponge, then the air spaces inside the sponge could be thought of as the space of the universe, and the stuff that makes up the sponge could be thought of as the vacuum captured within space.
We cannot measure the dimensions of those captured voids because they do not have a spatial dimension. We could still have voids within the universe, galaxies, our own solar system, on our planet, or even within ourselves; we simply cannot realize or measure it.
Since the Big Bang took place from a vacuum, we can conclude that the vacuum could also be generated by some process. If the opposite of the Big Bang happened somewhere in the universe, a vacuum could form. There are places in the universe where the opposite of the big bang is happening. There are places where space is being absorbed. These are mainly known as black holes. Inside and around black holes, voids should form. Furthermore, wherever something similar to the big bang occurs, it is quite possible that space, time, and energy are formed from that process. Interestingly, it also takes place at the heart of black holes.
Time could actually be created and destroyed. If time is considered as a three-dimensional matrix, it can consume a part of time to transform it into other dimensional parameters such as space and energy. If space could be absorbed or created, it would also transform into other dimensions such as time and energy.
And finally, black holes cannot be intense masses within a very small point in space. Black holes are simply the places where gravity is too high to pull anything. Since it is too dense, we can simply mistake it for dough. In fact, the amount of mass that could be present in the smallest unit of space is infinite. This is because there would be no given density for the maximum mass. If mass exists without space, then it cannot be mass. The same as at the beginning of the Big Bang applies to the size of black holes. In theory, the black hole is not something with a spatial unit. Space has to be closer to zero for mass to be infinite inside black holes.
It is not the case. All black holes have a spatial unit covered by them. They cannot also be intensive masses. They have to be intensified gravitational fields that are present at the galactic centers due to the presence of the masses in the galaxy. It’s not that galaxies formed around black holes, rather it’s the black hole that forms inside a galaxy just because of the gravitational pull of the masses in that particular galaxy.
As is believed or represented in mainstream science, a black hole cannot absorb infinitesimal amounts of mass into it. Since a black hole is simply the concentration of gravity, it cannot contain anything inside. Since most galaxies are flat or nearly flat, the strength of the gravitational pull is in the circular plane. Directions perpendicular to that disk will have much less gravitational pull, making them the most likely escape directions for anything that needs to escape.
If you send something into the black hole, it will eject that thing but on the perpendicular axis of the disk. Isn’t that what’s happening with all known galactic centers and black holes?